These nerves transfer signals from the brain to the muscles that aid in elbow movements. They also carry the sensory signals like touch, pain, and temperature back to the brain.
Any injury or damage to these nerves causes pain, weakness or joint instability. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-pure blood from the heart to the hand. The main artery of the elbow is the brachial artery that travels across the inside of the elbow and divides into two small branches below the elbow to form the ulnar and the radial artery.
The elbow joint is a hinge joint that provides great stability and movement for performing daily activities. The strong muscles that extend across the elbow joint bring about actions like flexion, extension, supination and pronation enabling us to perform activities of daily living.
These activities can be impaired if there is an injury or trauma to the elbow. Alexandra M. Burgar, M. Roger D. Dainer, D. Gregory Horner, M. David J. Jupina, M. Ian A. Stine, M. Steven S. Liu, M. Julie A. Long, M. Shannon M Rush, D. Staff Kelley Humphrey, P. Joint Replacement. Home » Elbow » Anatomy of the Elbow.
Anatomy of the Elbow The elbow is a complex joint formed by the articulation of three bones —the humerus, radius and ulna. The bones of the elbow are supported by: Ligaments and tendons Muscles Nerves Blood vessels Bones and Joints of the elbow joint The elbow joint is formed at the junction of three bones: The Humerus upper arm bone forms the upper portion of the joint.
The lower end of the humerus divides into two bony protrusions known as the medial and lateral epicondyles which can be felt on either side of the elbow joint The Ulna is the larger bone of the forearm located on the inner surface of the joint. The curved shape of the ulna articulates with the humerus. The bones of the shoulder consist of the humerus the upper arm bone , the scapula the shoulder blade , and the clavicle the collar bone.
The clavicle is the only bony attachment between the trunk and the upper limb. It forms the front portion of the shoulder girdle and is palpable along its entire length with a gentle S-shaped contour.
The clavicle articulates at one end with the sternum chest bone and with the acromion of the scapula at the other. This articulation between the acromial end of the clavicle and the acromion of the scapula forms the roof of the shoulder. The scapula is a large, flat triangular bone with three processes called the acromion, spine and coracoid process.
It forms the back portion of the shoulder girdle. The spine which is located at the back of the scapula and the acromion can be readily palpated on a patient. The flat blade of the scapula glides along the back of the chest allowing for extended movement of the arm.
The coracoid process is a thick curved structure that projects from the scapula and is the attachment point of ligaments and muscles. The scapula is also marked by a shallow, somewhat comma-shaped glenoid cavity , which articulates with the head of the humerus. The top end of the humerus consists of the head, the neck, the greater and lesser tubercles, and the shaft. The head is half-spherical in shape and projects into the glenoid cavity. The neck lies between the head and the greater and lesser tubercles.
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