Which is the broadest classification of organisms

It consists of organisms that share just a few basic similarities. Examples are the plant and animal kingdoms. The species is the smallest and most exclusive grouping. It consists of organisms that are similar enough to produce fertile offspring together.

Closely related species are grouped together in a genus. This chart shows the taxa of the Linnaean classification system. Each taxon is a subdivision of the taxon below it in the chart. For example, a species is a subdivision of a genus. The classification of humans is given in the chart as an example. Perhaps the single greatest contribution Linnaeus made to science was his method of naming species.

This method, called binomial nomenclature , gives each species a unique, two-word Latin name consisting of the genus name and the species name. An example is Homo sapiens , the two-word Latin name for humans. Why is having two names so important? It is similar to people having a first and a last name. In the same way, having two names uniquely identifies a species. Linnaeus published his classification system in the s. Since then, many new species have been discovered.

The biochemistry of many organisms has also become known. A major change to the Linnaean system was the addition of a new taxon called the domain. A domain is a taxon that is larger and more inclusive than the kingdom. Moving from the point of origin, the groups become more specific, until one branch ends as a single species.

For example, after the common beginning of all life, scientists divide organisms into three large categories called domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Within each domain is a second category called a kingdom.

After kingdoms, the subsequent categories of increasing specificity are: phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. The kingdom Animalia stems from the Eukarya domain. The full name of an organism technically has eight terms. Notice that each name is capitalized except for species and that genus and species names are italicized. Scientists generally refer to an organism only by its genus and species, which is its two-word scientific name, in what is called binomial nomenclature.

Therefore, the scientific name of the dog is Canis lupus. The name at each level is also called a taxon. In other words, dogs are in order Carnivora. Carnivora is the name of the taxon at the order level; Canidae is the taxon at the family level, and so forth.

Organisms also have a common name that people typically use; in this case, dog. Subspecies are members of the same species that are capable of mating and reproducing viable offspring, but they are considered separate subspecies due to geographic or behavioral isolation or other factors.

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